Phytochemical test and identification of active compounds with LC-MS/MS in green meniran leaf (Phyllanthus niruri Linn)

Abstract

Background: Green meniran plant (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) is traditionally believed to treat many diseases, such as reducing fever, diarrhea, cough with phlegm, inflammation, malaria, and acne. This research aims to determine the class of compounds and active compounds in the ethanol extract of green meniran leaf.Methods: An experimental study was conducted using phytochemical testing includes qualitative and quantitative tests to identify the active compounds in green meniran leaf (Phyllanthus niruri Linn) by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Crude powder packaging of green meniran leaf was conducted at Materia Medika Herbal Laboratory, Malang, Indonesia. The ethanol extraction from green meniran leaf was conducted at Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University.Results: Based on the results of the phytochemical qualitative test, the green meniran leaf extract was positive for flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, and glycosides. From quantitative phytochemical tests, we found the levels of phenolic, flavonoid, tannin 5.13%, 3.30%, 5.01%, respectively and 28.212.67 mg/kg chlorophyll. Identification using LC-MS/MS showed the suspected compounds Apigenin-8-C-glucoside from the glycoside group and 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone from the flavonoid group.Conclusion: Green meniran leaf contains flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, and glycosides with the active compounds Apigenin-8-C-glucoside and 5,6,7-trimethoxyflavone.