Phytochemical Screening, Volatile Compound Analysis, and Antioxidant Activity of Mangifera quadrifida Jack (Isem Kembang) Baby Fruit collected from Lampung, Indonesia

Abstract

Mangifera quadrifida Jack (Isem Kembang) is a rare fruit native to Lampung, Southern Sumatera, Indonesia. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity in Mangifera quadrifida Jack baby fruits are still unknown. This study aims to analyze the phytochemical compounds and antioxidant activity contained in Mangifera quadrifida Jack baby fruit extracts. In this study, the baby fruit of Mangifera quadrifida Jack was extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvent in a separate experiment. Phytochemical tests were carried out for all extracts, followed by analysis of volatile compounds using GC-MS (Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry). Then the antioxidant activity test was carried out on all three extracts to assess the inhibitory activity against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radicals. Phytochemical test results of Mangifera quadrifida Jack extracts revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds. GC-MS analysis providesl information about volatile compound content for each extract, which involves alkanes, alkenes, esters, carboxylates, phenolic compounds, aromatics, and aldehydes. Antioxidant activity investigation of the extracts obtained from n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol showed the IC50 values of 430.63ppm, 24.52ppm, and 23.67 ppm, respectively. This shows that the baby fruit of Mangifera quadrifida Jack can be used as an alternative source of natural antioxidants.