Abstract
Himatanthus sucuuba, also known as “Bellaco caspi”, is a medicinal plant whose latex, stem bark, and leaves possess phenolic acids, lupeol, β-dihydro-plumbericinic acid, plumericin, and plumeride, among other components. Some of these have been linked to such biological activities as antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical compounds of H. sucuuba latex, as well as its in vitro cytotoxicity and wound healing effect in mice. Latex was collected in the province of Iquitos, Peru. Phytochemical analysis was carried out with UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The cytotoxicity was evaluated on two colon tumor cell lines (SW480 and SW620) and non-malignant cells (human keratinocytes, HaCaT, and Chinese hamster ovary, CHO-K1). The mice were distributed into two groups, as follows: Group I—control (n = 10; without treatment); II—(n = 10) H. sucuuba latex; wounds were induced with a scalpel in the dorsal–cervical area and treatments were applied topically twice a day on the incision for 10 days. Molecular docking was carried out on the glycogen synthase kinase 3β protein. Twenty-four chemical compounds were determined, mainly flavonoid-type compounds. Latex did not have a cytotoxic effect on tumor cells with IC50 values of more than 500 µg/mL. The latex had a regenerative effect on wounds in mice. Acacetin-7-O-neohesperidoside had the best docking score of −9.9 kcal/mol. In conclusion, H. sucuuba latex had a wound healing effect in mice, as confirmed by histological study. However, a non-cytotoxic effect was observed on colon tumor cells SW480 and SW620.
Highlights
The Apocynaceae family comprises about 355 genera and 3700 species spread throughout the world, but mainly in tropical areas [1]
We identified other isomers of chrysin, such as 8-C-pentosyl-6-C-hexosylchrysin, one alkaloid, one amino acid, and two fatty amides (9-palmitamide and octadecenamide), which may be involved in the anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects
Latex from H. sucuuba contains phytochemicals that could be linked to a wound healing effect
Summary
The Apocynaceae family comprises about 355 genera and 3700 species spread throughout the world, but mainly in tropical areas [1]. Within this family, the main genera are Rauwolfia, Catharanthus, Allamanda, Strophantus, and Himatanthus, which have been demonstrated to be useful for premature ejaculation, urinary tract infections, snake bites, fever, diarrhea, asthma, toothache, skin infections, and wound healing, among other things [2]. (Apocynaceae) is a genus comprising about 13 species of trees and shrubs, and these are widely distributed in Central and South America, in Brazil [3]. Some species of the Himatanthus genus include H. drasticus, H. phagedaenicus, H. attenuatus, H. obovatus, H. semilunatus, H. tarapotensis, H. revolutus, H. articulatus, H. bracteatus, and H. sucuuba (Figure 1) [4,5].
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