Phytochemical screening, Antiradical and Anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous bark extract acquired from Acacia nilotica

Abstract

Herbal medicaments are applied in the healing for numerous human illnesses from the sprouting of human civilization. The chemicals existed naturally within the plants displays antiradical features which are the principal agent for the neutralization of reactive oxygen species created within the living entities. Acacia nilotica from the Fabaceae family is a tree with magnificent therapeutic properties. Various sections of this tree are implemented in the traditional healing system. Specifically, the bark are applied to treat numerous health complaints. Here, owned to the medicinal features of bark of A.nilotica in the traditional practices, we prepared the aqueous bark extract from this tree and evaluated the antioxidant (antiradical) and anti-inflammatory activities. Hydroxyl radical scavenging protocol presented dose-based upsurge in the radical inhibition activity of the bark extract with maximum activity at 60 µg/ml and the IC50 value appeared as 43.35µg/ml. ABTS radical scavenging assay executed also displayed dose-lineated upsurge in the radical scavenging property of the tested bark extract with IC50 value as 41.07µg/ml. In both the radical scavenging assays, vitamin C was implemented for reference purpose. Even, the anti-inflammatory nature of the aqueous bark extract was performed applying egg albumin denaturation inhibition protocol. In a dose-lined way, the bark extract presented anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 calculated value as 73.62µg/ml with diclofenac sodium as reference medicament. Additionally, the phytochemical qualitative scrutiny presented the existence of steroids, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinones, carbohydrates, phenols and flavonoids which were chiefly responsible for the pharmacological activities of bark aqueous extract.