Phytochemical Screening and the Effect of Temperature Treatment on the Extraction Yield of Phenolic Compounds and the Antioxidative Activities of Two Medicinal Species Growing in Algeria: Ammi visnaga and Mentha pulegium

Abstract

The aims of this investigation are the identification of molecules of secondary metabolism and study the impact of two extraction techniques (extraction by boiling water under reflux and maceration in 70% hydroethanolic solution at ambient temperature) on the yield of phenolic compounds and the antioxidative activity on two species widely used in Algeria as medicinal plants; Ammi visnaga and Mentha pulegium. The results show that phytochemical screening indicates the presence of tannins, flavonoids, leucoenrhocyanins, terpenes, anthocyanins, quinones, anthraquinone, and the absence of alkaloids and saponosides in both species. The comparative study between the two extraction techniques indicates that boiling under reflux makes it possible to obtain a larger crude extract yield with a rate of 20% for Ammi visnaga and 26% for Mentha pulegium; this same extraction technique gives higher levels in both species of total polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins; they are: 61.85 mg GAE/g; 41.04 mg EC/g and 15.11 mg EC/g respectively for Ammi visnaga and 70.98 mg GAE/g; 58.12 mg EC/g and 21.01 mg EC/g respectively for Mentha pulegium. Similarly, the extracts of the two species obtained by boiling under reflux show more important antioxidative activities whether by the DPPH method with an IC 50 of 0.31 mg/ml for Ammi visnaga and 0.22 mg/ml for Mentha pulegium or the method of phosphomolybdate assay with a total antioxidative activity of 185 mg/g EAA for Ammi visnaga and 265 mg/g EAA for Mentha pulegium. Keywords: A. visnaga, M. pulegium, phytochemical, phenolic compounds, antioxidative activities Cite this Article Z. Belmokhtar, Y. Merad, A. Chaib et al . Phytochemical Screening and the Effect of Temperature Treatment on the Extraction Yield of Phenolic Compounds and the Antioxidative Activities of Two Medicinal Species Growing in Algeria: Ammi visnaga and Mentha pulegium . Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy . 2018; 5(3): 18–25p.