Phytochemical screening and evaluation of cytotoxicity of stem bark extracts of &lt;i&gt;Anaxagorea dolichocarpa&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Duguetia chrysocarpa&lt;/i&gt; (Annonaceae)

Reísa Da Silva Pinheiro,Amanda Leite Guimarães,Jackson Roberto Guedes Da Silva Almeida,Suzana Vieira Rabelo,Ana Sílvia Suassuna Carneiro Lúcio,Ana Paula De Oliveira,Manoel Odorico De Moraes-Filho,Cláudia Do Ó Pessoa,Marcília Pinheiro Da Costa

doi:10.4314/tjpr.v15i4.18

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the phytochemistry and cytotoxic activity of stem bark extracts from Anaxagorea dolichocarpa and Duguetia chrysocarpa - two species of the Annonaceae family.Methods: The crude ethanol bark extracts (EtOH) of the plants were obtained by maceration. The crude extracts were suspended in a mixture of methanol (MeOH) and water (H2O) (proportion 3:7 v/v) and partitioned with hexane, chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (AcOEt) in ascending order of polarity to obtain the respective fractions. The extracts were evaluated on thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates of silica gel to highlight the main groups of secondary metabolites. Cytotoxicity was tested against human tumor cell lines - OVCAR-8 (ovarian), SF-295 (brain) and HCT-116 (colon) - using 3- (4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: The screening results demonstrated that all the extracts were positive for the presence of flavonoids and tannins. The presence of alkaloids also was detected in some extracts. The hexane extract of A. dolichocarpa showed the strongest cytotoxicity against HCT-116 with cell growth inhibition of 89.02 %.Conclusion: The findings demonstrate for the first time the cytotoxic activity of the extracts of A. dolichocarpa and D. chrysocarpa, thus providing some evidence that plants of the Annonaceae family are a source of active secondary metabolites with cytotoxic activity.Keywords: Annonaceae, Anaxagorea dolichocarpa, Duguetia chrysocarpa, Anti-cancer agents, Ovarian, brain and colon cell lines

Highlights

The Annonaceae family, comprised of tropical and subtropical species with about 135 genera and more than 2500 species, is widely distributed in South and Central America, Africa, Asia and Australia [1]
Annonaceous acetogenins are long chain fatty acid derivatives isolated, until 2008, exclusively from plants belonging to the Annonaceae family
We evaluated the phenolic quantification and antioxidant activity of Anaxagorea dolichocarpa and Duguetia chrysocarpa [15]

Summary

Introduction

The Annonaceae family, comprised of tropical and subtropical species with about 135 genera and more than 2500 species, is widely distributed in South and Central America, Africa, Asia and Australia [1]. Previous chemical and pharmacological investigations of some species of this family revealed the presence of important bioactive compounds, exhibiting pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, insecticidal and antiparasitic properties against Leishmania sp., Plasmodium falciparum, and Trypanosoma cruzi as well as cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines. These activities generally are attributed to alkaloids, essential oils and acetogenins [3]. These natural products exhibit a broad range of biological properties, such as cytotoxic, immunosuppressive, pesticidal, antiparasitic and antimicrobial activities, and their potential to inhibit cells that are multiple drug-resistant has attracted increasing interest [4]

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