Abstract
Aim: The main aim of the study is to investigate the phytochemical screening of C. decapetala along with the content determination of different species of genus Caesalpinia with respect to their antidiabetic activity and identification of most bioactive species belonging to different origins. Methods: To achieve our goal different species of genus Caesalpinia collected from China and Pakistan were subjected to open column chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), antioxidant, and antidiabetic assays for evaluation. Results: From η-BuOH fraction of C. decapetala extract, eight compounds were isolated using open column chromatography and identified as apigenin-7-rhamnoside (1), 4-O-methylepisappanol (2), caesalpinol (3), daucosterol (4), astragalin (5), kaempferol (6), quercitrin (7), and naringin (8) using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. HPLC analysis of different species of genus Caesalpinia showed that the most active antidiabetic compound ‘quercitrin’ was present more in C. pulcherrima followed by decreasing order in C. sappan, C.decapetala, and C. bonduc. Conclusion: The results indicated that quercitrin is the most bioactive content and C. pulcherrima is most bioactive specie of China origin from genus Caesalpinia.
Highlights
IntroductionA major characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM), is responsible for the deregulation of energy metabolism
Chronic hyperglycemia, a major characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM), is responsible for the deregulation of energy metabolism
To achieve our goal different species of genus Caesalpinia collected from China and Pakistan were subjected to open column chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), antioxidant, and antidiabetic assays for evaluation
Summary
A major characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM), is responsible for the deregulation of energy metabolism. Continued hyperglycemia due to DM causes varieties of dysfunctions and complications including renal disease, peripheral neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, and non-healing foot ulcer.[1] There is growing evidence that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the major cause of stimulating DM mechanisms[2, 3] and responsible for the initiation of lipid peroxidation, enzyme deactivation, alteration in the collagen structure, and function.[3, 4] In other words, we can say ROS have long term effects on the progre ssion of diabetes. Carbo hydrate hydrolyzing enzymes including α-glucosidase may be utilized for blocking the breakdown of starch and disaccharide into glucose and made glucose less available for absorption into the blood and sugar elevated level into the blood can be controlled.[5] Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is considered as the main regulator of body stored body fat, insulin resistance, and energy balance. A study was conducted which proved the traditional use of extract of C
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