Abstract
Amomum nilgiricum (Thomas) is a new species reported from the Silent Valley National Park, Western Ghats of Kerala. In the present study, qualitative and quantitative estimation of phytochemicals present in leaf extracts were carried out by test tube reactions and spectro-photometric methods. Methanolic leaf extract showed highest yield of alkaloids, saponins, phenolics, steroids, flavonoids and tannins with 34.63 ± 0.5 mgAE/g, 38.52 ± 0.017 mg DE/g, 95.4 ± 1.19 mg GAE/g, 12.51 ± 0.89 mg CE/g, 47.48 ± 0.15 mg QE/g and 29.97 ± 2.21 mg TAE/g respectively. Solvent extracts were screened for antimicrobial activities against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi by agar well diffusion method. Maximum zone of inhibition was observed in ethyl acetate extract and methanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus (22.74 mm) and Aspergillus flavus (14.73 mm) respectively at 100 mg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of different extracts against all pathogens ranged between 1.25 to 10 mg/mL. The MIC values of methanolic extract for antifungal efficacy against all tested fungi were found to be at 5 mg/mL.
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