Phytochemical profile and pharmacological activity of the dry extract from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi leaves modified with phenylalanine

Abstract

Diseases of the urinary tract and kidneys occupy a leading place in the structure of diseases all over the world. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi leaves are one of the most widely used types of medicinal plant materials (MPM) with diuretic and uroantiseptic action. However, a decoction from the leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi has certain disadvantages: the duration of the manufacturing process of the dosage form, the lack of standardization before use, the inaccuracy of dosage and the short storage time of the dosage form, which leads to a low complementarity of this remedy, therefore, the development of standardized extracts from this raw material is relevant. The aim. The aim of the research was a phytochemical study of a phenylalanine-modified dry extract from the leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi to establish the possibility of creating a new diuretic drug. Materials and methods. The object of the study was dry extract from the leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, modified with phenylalanine. Phytochemical studies of phenolic compounds and saponins were carried out by HPLC and spectrophotometry. Determination of diuretic activity was carried out according to the method of E.B. Berkhina on outbred rats. Determination of the anti-inflammatory activity of the obtained extracts was carried out by the method of carrageenan edema in white rats. The study of the antibacterial activity of the extracts was carried out by the method of diffusion into agar. Results. In the extracts obtained by HPLC, phenol glycoside (arbutin), 2 phenol carboxylic acids (gallic and ellagic), 6 flavonoids, 8 saponins were identified and their quantitative content was determined. Among flavonoids, hyperoside and catechin were dominant; among saponins, ursolic acid, uvaol, and lupeol were dominant. In the obtained extracts, the content of the main groups of phenolic compounds was determined by spectrophotometry. Dry extract of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, modified with phenylalanine, showed pronounced diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial (in relation to St. aureus, E. coli, P. vulgaris, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and C. albicans) activity. Conclusions. The chemical composition, diuretic, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of dry extract from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi leaves modified with phenylalanine were determined. The obtained dry extract is noted for better solubility, bioavailability and pharmacodynamics, therefore it is a promising substance for creating new drugs in various dosage forms