Abstract
Three decoctions, namely Emelia M (EMB), Mshikazi and Delosma H are used by traditional health practitioners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to treat and manage leukaemia and related conditions. This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile of the aqueous extracts of Emelia M (EMB), Mshikazi and Delosma H decoctions. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), glutathione (GSH), phosphomolybdate and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assays. Phytochemical screening was used to determine the presence of compounds. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was similar to ascorbic acid for EMB and Delosma H, but not for Mshikazi. At 24 h, EMB increased GSH in both THP-1 and Jurkat cells similar to Delosma H while Mshikazi demonstrated the lowest activity. At 48 h, EMB and Delosma H revealed increased GSH in THP-1 cells with no significant decrease in GSH levels in Jurkat cells. However, EMB showed the lowest lipid peroxidation activity compared to Delosma H and Mshikazi after 24 h treatment of both cells. Phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins were present in all extracts. Extracts of the three decoctions possess both antioxidant and prooxidant properties through high scavenging activity and increased in lipid peroxidation.
Highlights
Oxidative stress (OS) is known as a physiological disturbance in which a high level of free radicals (reactive oxygen species (ROS)) are generated as a result of an imbalance in antioxidant metabolism[1,2]
Background: Three decoctions, namely Emelia M (EMB), Mshikazi and Delosma H are used by traditional health practitioners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to treat and manage leukaemia and related conditions Objectives: This study evaluated the in vitro antioxidant activity and phytochemical profile of the aqueous extracts of Emelia M (EMB), Mshikazi and Delosma H decoctions
The results showed that Delosma H, Mshikazi and EMB extracts induced lipid peroxidation of both traditional health practitioners (THPs)-1 and Jurkat cells compared to the untreated cells and Taxol after 24 h of treatment
Summary
Oxidative stress (OS) is known as a physiological disturbance in which a high level of free radicals (reactive oxygen species (ROS)) are generated as a result of an imbalance in antioxidant metabolism[1,2]. The human body has diverse ways to counter oxidative stress, either by producing antioxidants through endogenous (naturally in the body) or exogenous (food and/or synthetic form through supplements) ways Both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants scavenge free radicals by inhibiting and repairing the damage induced by ROS and boost the immune function and lower the risk of cancer[7]. Results: The DPPH radical scavenging activity was similar to ascorbic acid for EMB and Delosma H, but not for Mshikazi. At 24 h, EMB increased GSH in both THP-1 and Jurkat cells similar to Delosma H while Mshikazi demonstrated the lowest activity. Phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant activity of Emelia M (EMB), Mshikazi and Delosma H herbal medicines as demonstrated in THP-1 and Jurkat leukaemia cell lines.
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