Abstract
<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and antimicrobial activity of <em>Coleus forskohlii</em>. The different solvents such as ethanol, chloroform, acetone and aqueous extracts were identified pharmacologically as important bioactive compounds and their antimicrobial properties were studied. In the phytochemical investigation almost all the ethanol extract of leaf, stem and root having secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids. The active constituents of the ethanol extract of <em>C. forskohlii</em> root was studied by GC-MS analysis. According to the antimicrobial results ethanol extract of <em>C. froshkolii</em> root showed highest antibacterial activity compared with stem and leaf. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed against <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em> (19 mm) and <em>Candida albicans </em>(16 mm) in ethanol extract of root. Among the above extracts of leaf, stem and root, ethanol extract of root having antimicrobial activities due to the presence of phytoconstituents.</p><p class="FigureLegend"> </p>
Highlights
Plants are the major source of medicines and foods which are play a vital role in the conservation of human health
The results of phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, protein and cardiac glycosides in the leaf, stem and root extracts of C. forskohlii (Table I)
Flavonoids were detected in ethanol, acetone and aqueous extract of root absence of chloroform extract, acetone and ethanol extracts of leaf, chloroform and ethanol extract of stem having the flavonoid
Summary
Plants are the major source of medicines and foods which are play a vital role in the conservation of human health. The medicinal value of these plant sources lies in some chemical substances that produce a definite physiological action on the human body (Edeoga et al, 2005). These plants are main source of certain bioactive molecules which act as antioxidants and antimicrobial agents (Sengul et al, 2009). Multiple factors are responsible for the development of antibiotic resistance including the specific nature of the relationship of bacteria to antibiotics, the usage of antibacterial agent, host characteristics and environmental factors (Abiramasundari et al, 2011) This situation has forced scientists to search for new antimicrobial substances from various sources as novel antimicrobial chemotherapeutic agents (Ranjan et al, 2012). Various researches demonstrated that plants contain some bioactive phytochemical constituents which are mainly responsible for combating against disease (Deshmukh et al, 2012)
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