Abstract
Objective: Present study aimed phytochemical evaluation and antimicrobial screening of petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of Santalum album seeds.Methods: Petroleum ether and ethanol extracts were screened for presence of chemical constituents. Petroleum ether extract was investigated detail by using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. In vitro antimicrobial activity of both extracts were investigated using disc diffusion method on two gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and fungus Candida albicans.Results: Santalbic acid was identified in petroleum ether extract and content determined by HPTLC was 4.7%w/w. It was seen that petroleum ether extract have MIC value for B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans were 78.125 µg/ml, 19.331 µg/ml, 625 µg/ml & 39.062 µg/ml respectively while MBC was 39.062 µg/ml, 4.882 µg/ml, 312.5 µg/ml & 9.765 µg/ml, respectively. Petroleum ether extract showed MIC and MBC values for S. aureus was similar as 156.25µg/ml. So, the petroleum ether extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against both gram positive, gram negative and fungal strain.Conclusions: The results of present investigations were indicative of possible high potency of petroleum ether extract due to santalbic acid which could serve as chemotherapeutic agent.
Highlights
Santalum album Linn. is an evergreen small tree, a partial root parasite, attaining a height of 12 to 13 meters and girth of 1 to 2.4 meters with slender drooping as well as erect branching [1].Historical review reveals that sandalwood has been referred to in Indian mythology, folklore and ancient scriptures
The presence of glycosides and phenolic compounds was confirmed in the ethanolic extract.Based on the type of chemical constituents, the different solvents were tried to find out best separation in thin layer chromatography
The plates were observed under ultraviolet light and bands recorded with respect to retardation factor (Rf) = 0.7, 0.6, and 0.4 adwere scraped off
Summary
Santalum album Linn. (family: Santalaceae) is an evergreen small tree, a partial root parasite, attaining a height of 12 to 13 meters and girth of 1 to 2.4 meters with slender drooping as well as erect branching [1].Historical review reveals that sandalwood has been referred to in Indian mythology, folklore and ancient scriptures. A paste of S. album is used at scorpion bites, inflamed site and skin eruption. It is commonly used in cosmetic and hair oil. Sandalwood oil relieves itching, pruritus, inflammation of the skin. It is most effective in relieving dehydrated skin so that it making great for anti-ageingskincare. The sandalwood oil is apopular remedy in gonorrhoea, chronic bronchitis, cystitis, gleet, urethral haemorrhage and scabies. Good for memory and act as blood purifier[2, 3].The essential oil has antibacterial, antifungal action and used in dysuria, urethral discharges and gallbladder diseases. Sandalwood is bacteriostatic against gram-positive bacteria and used as a urinary antiseptic in chronic cystitis and sexually transmitted diseases [4]
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