Phytochemical fingerprinting and habitat differentiation on chlorogenic acid amount of Oliveria decumbens using HPTLC

Abstract

Oliveria decumbens is a valuable medicinal plant with notable biological properties. Several studies have been performed to identify the essential oil composition; however, the profile of the its extract is still unknown. Therefore, this research was carried out to detect the extract fingerprints of different organs, compare the profile of flower methanolic extracts of wild and domesticated plants, and estimate the amount of chlorogenic acid value of extract. Based on the obtained results, the difference in terms of quantity and nature of compounds was observed not only among wild and domesticated samples but also in the extracts obtained from different plant organs. The amount of chlorogenic acid was greatly influenced by the developmental stage and ecological conditions. The flower was recognized as a good source of chlorogenic acid and the methanolic extract of the plant grown in the Izeh region was the richest in it. Moreover, plant domestication significantly increased the amount of this compound compared to some wild plants. Therefore, due to the high amount of chlorogenic acid, methanolic extract of O. decumbens flower may be a promising herbal raw material that can be used for the formulation of anti-diabetic drugs and supplements of immune boosters in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Also, HPTLC was a reliable and cost-effective tool to determine the fingerprint of extract, ecological distinguish of chlorogenic acid, plant origin, and product adulteration.