Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the phytochemical and the antioxidant activities of the extracts of Citrus limon L Osbeck leaf using ethanol, acetone and distilled water as extraction solvents. The total alkaloids, saponin, phenolic acid and flavonoids were determined spectrophotometrically while antioxidant potentials were evaluated with 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) protocols. The phytochemical evaluation of the leaf of C. limon, reveals high contents of alkaloids, (12.23%) and saponin (5.53%). In addition, the aqueous extract shows the highest phenolic acid content of 289.4 ± 5.73 mg/GAE/g followed by ethanol 209.72 ± 6.38 mg/GAE/g and the least was the acetone extracts 207.56 ± 7.03mg/GAE/g. Flavonoids content was also highest in the ethanol extract (1052.58 ± 39.44mg/QE/g) and the aqueous extract (447.41 ± 4.56mg/QE/g). All the extracts showed significant antioxidant activities with ABTS, FRAP and DPPH along a concentration gradient. The high phytochemical content and the antioxidant activity of C. limon leaf extracts observed in this study supports and justifies its use in folk medicine.
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