Phytochemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Corydalis solida and Pseudofumaria lutea.

Sylwia Zielińska,Ewelina Piątczak,Adam Matkowski,Mariusz Kucharski,Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka,Serhat Sezai Çiçek,Malwina Brożyna,Adam Junka,Magdalena Dziągwa-Becker,Christian Zidorn

doi:10.3390/molecules25163591

Abstract

Corydalis and Pseudofumaria are two closely related genera from the Papaveraceae subfamily Fumarioideae with Corydalis solida (C. solida) and Pseudofumaria lutea (P. lutea) as two representative species. Phytochemical analysis revealed significant differences in the quality and quantity of isoquinoline alkaloids, phenolic compounds and non-phenolic carboxylic acids between aerial and underground parts of both species. Using the Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) technique, 21 compounds were identified: five protoberberine derivatives, three protopine derivatives, four phenanthridine derivatives, as well as three carboxylic acids, two hydroxycinnamic acids, one chlorogenic acid, one phenolic aldehyde, and two flavonoids. Moroever, significant differences in the content of individual compounds were observed between the two studied species. The phytochemical profile of C. solida showed a higher variety of compounds that were present in lower amounts, whereas P. lutea extracts contained fewer compounds but in larger quantities. Protopine was one of the most abundant constituents in C. solida (440–1125 µg/g d.w.) and in P. lutea (1036–1934 µg/g d.w.). Moreover, considerable amounts of coptisine (1526 µg/g) and quercetin (3247 µg/g) were detected in the aerial parts of P. lutea. Extracts from aerial and underground parts of both species were also examined for the antimicrobial potential against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. P. lutea herb extract was the most effective (MIC at 0.39 mg/L) against all three pathogens.

Highlights

Corydalis DC. is the largest genus in the Fumarioideae subfamily belonging to the Papaveraceae family [1]
It has been presented that in corms of C. pumila, several alkaloids such as bulbocapine, corydine, corydaline, palmatine, tetrahydropalmatine were detected [22], but no more detailed phytochemical characteristics are available in the literature. Except quercetin, both plants contained relatively small and comparable amounts of non-phenolic carboxylic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, chlorogenic acid, and vanillin in aerial parts (Table 1)
C. solida was replanted from Stone pit of Kazimierz Dolny, Poland in 1976, P. lutea was replanted from the garden of a private person from

Summary

Introduction

Corydalis DC. is the largest genus in the Fumarioideae subfamily belonging to the Papaveraceae family [1]. Is the largest genus in the Fumarioideae subfamily belonging to the Papaveraceae family [1]. It has over 400 species varying in terms of life forms, such as rhizome perennials, early spring geophytes, therophytes and perennial climbing plants [2]. Molecules 2020, 25, 3591 was separated from the genus Corydalis, based on morphological traits only, e.g., the pistil, which is deciduous and translucent in Pseudofumaria and persistent and green in Corydalis [2,3]. Pseudofumaria comprises only two species: Pseudofumaria lutea (L.) Borkh Corydalis lutea (L.) DC.) and P. alba (Mill.) Lidén Corydalis alba (Mill.) Mansf) [3,4,5]

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