Abstract
Plant-derived essential oils (EO) offernatural alternative to chemical pesticides for eco-friendly pest control approaches. Aceria pongamiae Keifer, a notorious pest that affects Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre has mainly been controlled using synthetic acaricides leading to resistance development and environmental issues. EOs providenatural biodegradable option for pest controlwithunique mode of action. Study evaluates acaricidal efficacy of EOs-eucalyptus Eucalyptus maculata Hook (EEO), lavender Lavandula angustifola L. (LEO), peppermint Mentha piperita L. (PEO)and black pepper Piper nigrum L. (BPEO) against A. pongamiae for the first time. Biological activity of EOs using fumigation and contact toxicity assays at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1% and 0.6 to 0.9% respectively, overexposure periods of 24, 48 and 72h was investigated. Chemical characterization was performed using GC-MS analysis. Eucalyptol (62.88%), linalyl acetate (39.11%), menthol (44.35%)and caryophyllene (32.77%) were the main components of EEO, LEO, PEO and BPEO respectively. After 24h observation, EEO (LC50=1.01%) and after 48 and 72h, PEO had the highest fumigant toxicity (LC50=0.71 and 0.29% respectively). The BPEO showed the most contact toxicity after 24, 48 and 72h (LC50=0.92, 0.68 and 0.46% respectively). This work reinforces the selection of adequate essential oils for implementation in future pest control strategies.
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