Phytochemical Characterization for Quality Control of Phyllostachys pubescens Leaves Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detector and Tandem Mass Detector.

Chang-Seob Seo,Kwang-Hoon Song

doi:10.3390/plants11010050

Abstract

Phyllostachys pubescens leaves are cultivated in a number of Asian countries and have been used for antipyretic and diuretic effects since ancient times, especially in Korea. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate of analytical method for quality control of P. pubescens leaves using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) detection. HPLC–DAD analysis was conducted with a Gemini C18 column, and distilled water–acetonitrile (both with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid) mobile-phase system. For the LC–MS/MS analysis, all markers were separated with a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column and gradient flow system of distilled water containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid and 5 mM ammonium formate–acetonitrile. In both method, major components were detected at 2.13–11.63 mg/g (HPLC–DAD) and 0.12–19.20 mg/g (LC–MS/MS). These methods were validated with respect to linearity (coefficient of determination >0.99), recovery (95.22–118.81%), accuracy (90.52–116.96), and precision (<4.0%), and were successfully applied for the quantitative analysis of P. pubescens leaves.

Highlights

Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel (Moso bamboo, family; Gramineae), is widely distributed in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and is one of the bamboo species, e.g., P. nidularia, P. sulphurea, P. spectabilis, Dendrocalamus giganteus, Sara argenteastriatus, Pseudosasa japonica, Pleioblastus fortunei, and Lophatherum gracile [1,2]
For the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–diode array detection (DAD) study, Gemini C18 (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA), SunFire C18 (Waters, Milford, MA, USA), Xbridge C18 (Waters, Milford, MA, USA), Capcell Pak UG80 (Shiseido, Tokyo, Japan), and Quasar SPP C18 (PerkinElmer, Seoul, Korea) columns were tested with a range of column temperatures (30, 35, and 40 ◦C), flow rates (0.8 and 1.0 mL/min), and gradient composition of mobile phase, and acids (0.1% formic acid and 0.1% phosphoric acid)
Satisfactory separation of all marker compounds was achieved with a Gemini C18 column, 0.1% formic acid, and column temperature of 40 ◦C, as shown in Table S1; the five markers eluted within 20 min

Summary

Introduction

Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel (Moso bamboo, family; Gramineae), is widely distributed in Asia, Africa, and Latin America and is one of the bamboo species, e.g., P. nidularia, P. sulphurea, P. spectabilis, Dendrocalamus giganteus, Sara argenteastriatus, Pseudosasa japonica, Pleioblastus fortunei, and Lophatherum gracile [1,2]. Components such as flavonoids (isoorientin, isovitexin, orientin, and vitexin), coumarins (skimin, scopolin, umbelliferone, psoralen, and xanthotoxin), phenylpropanoids (p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid), and polysaccharides (rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose) have been reported to be present in leaves of bamboo species [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. We recently investigated the effect of extracts from P. pubescens leaves on SRD5A2 gene expression in human prostate cell lines and an animal model of testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia [15]

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