Abstract
Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifolius (Maire) C. Alexanderis wild annual herb distributed in the Egyptian deserts. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant root were determined using both HPLC and colorimetric analysis. Syringic acid and hesperidin (1378.802 and 6638.247 mg / 100 gm. dried plant root powder, respectively) were of the highest concentration compounds resulted from HPLC analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid content. The colorimetric estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid content resulted in concentration of (98.23 ± 0.28 mg/gm. expressed as Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and35.9± 0.17 mg/gm.expressed as quercetin equivalent (QE), respectively). GC-MS analysis of un-saponifiable matters and fatty acid methyl esters of the plant leaves indicated that octacosane (11.85%) and linolenic acid methyl ester (31.07%) (poly- unsaturated fatty acid) were the major identified compounds, respectively. The DNA of the plant was analyzed using twelve random decamer primers. A total of 52 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified. Root extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone and methyl alcohol) were subjected to determine the antimicrobial behavior and also their cytotoxic activity, by using (3- (4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay against colon carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116). Among the fore mentioned extracts, root ethyl acetate extract gave appreciable antibacterial and antifungal behavior and also had promising cytotoxic activity with IC50 = 7.39 ±1.2 µg/ml. Root methyl alcohol extract showed antioxidant activity with IC50 = 79.57 ± 0.74 µg/ml, using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay.
Highlights
Senecio is the largest and most complex genus of family Asteraceae with about 1500 species and with worldwide distribution (Nordenstam, 1977)
Senecio glaucus L. is an annual herb with two subspecies which grow in Egypt .The first subsp. is Senecio glaucus L. subsp. glaucus and the second is Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifloius (Maire) C
The volatile constituents of S. glaucus subsp. coronopifloius had been estimated; the results revealed that myrcene (24%) and dehydrofukinone (21%) were the major components (De Pooter et al, 1986; ElShazly, 1999)
Summary
Senecio is the largest and most complex genus of family Asteraceae with about 1500 species and with worldwide distribution (Nordenstam, 1977). As no previous studies were performed to investigate the phytochemistry of the roots and DNA fingerprinting of Senecio glaucus subsp. 3-HPLC analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid content: Preparation of the sample: Dry powder of Senecio glaucus subsp. 7- DNA Fingerprinting using Random Amplified Polymorphic-DNA-PCR: A- DNA extraction: Samples of fresh leaves of Senecio glaucus subsp. B– Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination using agar dilution method: Standardized bacterial suspensions were prepared to a final cell density of 6 x 105 Colony Forming Units/ml (CFU / ml) .Serial dilutions from root ethyl acetate extract (0 – 320 μg / ml) were prepared and mixed with 5 ml of the standardized bacteria suspension added to the plates and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C.
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