Abstract
<p>Phytochemical and biological investigations were undertaken on ethanolic extracts of the leaves and root bark of <em>Justica adhatoda </em>L<em>.</em> Alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, steroids and saponins were detected in extracts from both parts of the title plant. Reducing sugars were not detected in either extract whereas flavonoids were detected in ethanolic extract of <em>J. adhatota </em>leaves only. Significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and Aspergillus <em>niger</em> were demonstrated by both the leaf and root bark extracts. Additionally, both extracts displayed good antioxidant and heomolytic potential. Interestingly, eight metal ions were detected in both extracts in different concentrations.</p>
Highlights
The title plant is used as an antispasmodic, anti-diabetic, expectorant, mitigating, fever reducer, hostile to dying, bronchial dilating, disinfectant, to treat dysentery, Bronchitis, whooping cough, glandular tumor, jaundice, diabetes, uterine constrictions, diarrhea including some liver relevant disorders [3,4,5]
Over the years a large number of natural products have been detected from the genus Justicia and include: alkaloids, lignans, steroids, flavonoids, vitamins, iridods, coumarin, diterpenoids, triterpenoids and triterpenoidal glycosides [5]
What is of interest currently is that these natural products demonstrate antiinflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antinociceptive, bronchodilator, antifertility, antiplatelet aggregation, antiviral, anticancer effects and quite remarkably, to treat HIV/AIDS [5]
Summary
Over the years a large number of natural products have been detected from the genus Justicia and include: alkaloids, lignans, steroids, flavonoids, vitamins, iridods, coumarin, diterpenoids, triterpenoids and triterpenoidal glycosides [5]. What is of interest currently is that these natural products demonstrate antiinflammatory, anti-hypertensive, antinociceptive, bronchodilator, antifertility, antiplatelet aggregation, antiviral, anticancer effects and quite remarkably, to treat HIV/AIDS [5]. Taking account of these medicinal applications, we have decided to extend the phytochemical investigations and biological potential further by including antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and hemolytic activities of J. adhatoda L extracts
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