Abstract
Objective: In folk medicines, different herbs and plants have been used for many thousands of years .Now it is important to investigate these plants and herbs scientifically which have been used in traditional medicines. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of root of Ipomea turpethum extracted in methanol and its fractions.Methods: The methanol extract was further extracted with three solvents ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane and analyzed for their antibacterial activity using by agar well diffusion method. They were tested against six bacteria; Echrichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas auroginosa and Salmonella typhi. The susceptibility of microorganisms to all three fractions was compared with each other and with standard antibotic (Ampicillin). The fractions of Ipomea turpethum was also qualitatively analyzed for the presence of chemical components, i.e. saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and glycosides.Result: Among all fractions methanol exhibited highest antibacterial activity (average zone of inhibition 23.53mm ± 1.3) while ethyl acetate exhibited least antibacterial activity (average zone of inhibition 18.50mm ± 3.5). Minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane fractions was found in the range of 650ug/ml to 2500ugl/ml against microorganisms.Conclusion: Results obtained from this preliminary in-vitro experiment indicate that, all three fractions of Ipomea turpethum has good antibacterial activity against all microorganisms used. By phytochemical analysis of extract, it has been found to contain some nutrient and chemical components which support its ethenomedicinal use but further work is required for development of new antibiotic compounds.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.93-97
Highlights
Due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs against many infectious diseases, organisms have developed resistance to various antibiotics[1]
Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the against tested organisms with 20.95mm ± 4.5 average presence of alkaloids, steroilds, triterpenoids, zone of inhibition
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroform extracts against microorganisms are presented in table 3
Summary
Due to indiscriminate use of antimicrobial drugs against many infectious diseases, organisms have developed resistance to various antibiotics[1]. Phytochemical Screening The freshly prepared extract and fractions of Ipomea turpethum was qualitatively analyzed for the presence of chemical components, i.e. saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and glycosides. Antibacterial assay The agar well diffusion method was used to determine antibacterial activity by plant extract and its fractions[13] According to this method; 100 ul of diluted inoculums (106 CFU/ ml) of test culture was thoroughly mixed with 20 ml of molten sterile tryptic soya agar and poured in to pre-sterilized petri dishes under sterile condition. Sohail T, Ferheen S, Imran H, Yaqeen Z, Rehman A, Khan RA prepared nutrient broth was used as diluents. Each inoculum was prepared in nutrient broth and all fractions, methanol fraction exhibited highest density was adjusted to 0.5 Mcfarland standards antibacterial activity with average zone of inhibition (1x108 CFU/mL).50ul of each inoculum was added 23.53mm ± 1.3 while ethyl acetate fraction showed to each test tube except negative control tube. Recorded in Proteus vulgaris measured 17.6 mm ± 1.21
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