Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-oxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Seed Coat of Macrotyloma uniflorum in Different Solvents

Abstract

In this study, the determination of secondary metabolites, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity of seed coat of Macrotyloma uniflorum were carried out in different solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol, and water), according to their increasing polarity. Alkaloid and tannin content was analyzed by simple titrimetric method. Colorimetric method was used for the determination of phenolic, flavonoid, terpenoid and saponin content. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and cytotoxic activity was evaluated by Trypan blue exclusion assay. The results indicated that sample seed coat extracted with ethanol (sample 3) contained high level of alkaloid (0.66 ± 0.01 mg/g), phenol (42.38 ± 0.53 mg/g), flavonoid (22.81 ± 0.48 mg/g), tannin (55.89 ± 0.75 mg/g), saponin (24.85 ± 0.53 mg/g), and terpenoid (54.60 ± 1.89 mg/g) and had anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity against B16F10 and B16BL6 cell line. Further, the results of preliminary DPPH free radical scavenging assay suggested anti-oxidant and Trypan blue exclusion assay on B16F10 and B16BL6 cell line suggested that potent anticancer activity of sample 3 is accompanied.