Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Dryopteris ramosa.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate phytochemical, cytotoxic and antioxidant potential of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Dryopteris ramosa (Hope) C. Chr. belongs to family Dryopteridaceae. The plant is traditionally used as anthelminthic, diuretic, antibacterial, astringent and as tonic for various stomach and intestinal problems. Method: The phytochemical potential, total phenol, flavonoid and alkaloid contents of Dryopteris ramosa were determined for the first time. Plant was subjected to Brine shrimp lethality and DPPH inhibition assay was done. Identification and quantification of various phenolic content by was done HPLC. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed that flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids and saponins were present in the plant while tannins were absent. The results depicted high in vitro cytotoxic effect by dichloromethane extract with a LD50 0.6903 μl/ml as standardized with Etoposide with LD50 of 7.4625 μl/ml. The methanol extract showed the strong DPPH scavenging activity with 72.76 ± 1.52% inhibition as compared to the dichloromethane extract with 55.37 ± 3.055% inhibition. The high phenol content was found in methanol extract having 199.2 ± 4.50(mg of GA/g of extract). HPLC analysis showed the presence of various phenol compounds (Gallic acid, quercetin, caffeic aid, vanillic acid, cinnamic acid etc.) with their relevant concentration, in the plant. The dichloromethane extract exhibited high flavonoid content 73.02 ± 1.00 (mg of RE/g of extract). Alkaloidal content was highest in dichloromethane extract with 29.73 ± 4.04 (mg of AE/g of extract).