Phytochemical Analysis and in vitro Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts of Irvingia gabonensis Stem Bark

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,2,363-372.DOI:10.5530/pres.15.2.039Published:February 2023Type:Original Article Authors:Catherine Otitolaiye, Akhere Omonkhua, Kelly Oriakhi, Edward Okello, Iyere Onoagbe, and Friday Okonofua Author(s) affiliations:Catherine Otitolaiye1, 2, Akhere Omonkhua2,*, Kelly Oriakhi2, Edward Okello3, Iyere Onoagbe4, Friday Okonofua5 1Department of Biochemistry, Sokoto State University, Sokoto, NIGERIA. 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Edo, NIGERIA. 3Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Tyne, UNITED KINGDOM. 4Department of Biochemistry, University of Benin, Edo-State, NIGERIA. 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Benin, Benin, NIGERIA. Abstract:Background: Irvingia gabonensis extracts are documented to possess antidiabetic, hypocholesterolemic, and antioxidant activities. The phytochemical components of medicinal plants are responsible for their therapeutic properties, particularly those with antioxidant properties. Objectives: The quantitative phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant properties of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of I. gabonensis stem bark were assessed in this study. Materials and Methods: Standard techniques were used to measure the concentrations of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and saponins in water and alcohol extracts of this plant. Total Antioxidant Power (TAP) and the extract's capacity to scavenge free radicals including superoxide, nitric oxide, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzoth iazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), β-carotene, and hydrogen peroxide were also evaluated. The extracts' Ferric-Reducing Potential (FRAP) was also assessed. Results: The alcohol extract had significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentrations of all the phytochemicals measured as well as near significantly (P <0.066) higher TAP in comparison to the aqueous extracts. In general, the in vitro antioxidant capacity of the ethanol extract surpassed that of the water extract. The ethanol extract had IC50 values that were comparable to or less than the reference standards for its ability to neutralize nitric oxide, H2O2, superoxide, and DPPH radicals. Conclusion: The outcomes of the quantitative phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant effects of aqueous and ethanol extracts of I. gabonensis stem bark clearly show their potential as an excellent reservoir of bioactive compounds and scavengers of deleterious oxidants; properties that could be explored therapeutically. Keywords:Antioxidant, Free radicals, in vitro., Irvingia gabonensis, PhytochemicalsView:PDF (364.97 KB)