Abstract
This study performed the phytochemical screening and bioactivity of Celosia argentea leaves. The phytochemical profile of hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (AcOEt) and methanolic (MeOH) extracts of C. argentea leaves was observed by Thin Layer Chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis. In the susceptibility test, the disk-diffusion technique was performed. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was assessed by microdilution. Minimum Microbic Concentration (MMC) was determined in the extracts which presented MIC. Antioxidant activities were measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picril-hidrazil (DPPH), determination of reducing power and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results showed a higher content of phenolic compounds (252.02 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g) in the extract AcOEt, and of tannins (103.72 ± 0.004 mg/EAT/g) in MeOH; this was effective against Micrococcus luteus (inhibition of 24.7 ± 0.6 mm). MIC and CMM of the AcOEt for M. luteus were 0.06 and 0.25 mg/mL, respectively. The MeOH extract eliminated 70.4 ± 0.03% of DPPH radical, whereas AcOEt had greater reducing power (289.23 ± 0.05 mg AA/g) and TAC at a concentration of 250 µg/mL (89.6%). This study revealed that C. argentea has phytochemicals with bactericidal and fungicidal potential, in addition to elevated antioxidant power. Key words: antimicrobial, antioxidant, bioactivity.
Highlights
The use of plants in treating diseases is old as the human being and has enabled the discovery of several herbal medicines [1]
The reason for its use is the arsenal of chemical compounds with therapeutic value, in particular the secondary metabolites, responsible for defense and protection of vegetables, but with physiological action in the human body as antioxidant and antimicrobial, added to its low toxicity when compared to synthetic drugs [2]
The preliminary phytochemical profile of Hex, acetato de etila (AcOEt) and MeOH extracts of C. argentea leaves revealed the presence of different compounds (Table 1)
Summary
The use of plants in treating diseases is old as the human being and has enabled the discovery of several herbal medicines [1]. Among the various medicinal plants, Celosia, whose representatives are used as food supplement to combat micronutrient deficiency, stands out [3]. The genus comprises 60 species distributed in areas of tropical and subtropical climates. Among those introduced in the Brazilian territory is Celosia argentea Linn, an herbaceous highly consumed due to its high nutritional value and used as an ornamental plant [4, 5]. It is applied to treat diabetes, inflammation, fever, gastroenteritis, and leukorrhea [6]
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