Phyto-constituents of the Dichloromethane Extracts of the Bulbs of Selected Genera in the Family Amaryllidaceae

Abstract

The analysis of phytoconstituents present in the dichloromethane extract of the bulb of Hippeastrum vittatum (L’Her.) Herb., Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb., Urceolina amazonica (Linden) Christenh. & Byng., Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb., Crinum jagus (J. Thomps.) Dandy and Zephyranthes carinata Herb. by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out using standard methods. The Results of the GC-MS analysis of Hippeastrum vittatum, Proiphys amboinensis, Urceolina amazonica, Hymenocallis littoralis, Crinum jagus and Zephyranthes carinata revealed the presence of 50, 66, 61, 57, 56 and 61 peaks indicating the presence of the number of phytochemical constituents respectively. Phytol was present in Hymennocallis littoralis (0.41%) and Urceolina amazonica (0.79%) only. N-hexadecanoic acid, Di mevalonic acid lactone, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and Stigmasterol were present in all. Apiol and Xanthoxylin were absent in H. littoralis and P. amboniensis respectively. Oleic acid was present in Z. carinata (2.01%), P. amboniensis (1.85%) and U. amazonica (2.03%). Sakuranin was found in H. littoralis (3.42%), C. jagus (1.38%) and U. amazonica (4.43%). Linoleic acid ethyl ester was present in P. amboniensis (1.49%), U. amazonica (0.16%), H. littoralis (11.91%) and Z. carinata (0. 8 8%). The major components that delimited the species were as follows; In Hymenocallis littoralis was Liriodendromin (14.03%), Linoleic acid ethyl ester (11.91%) and Ethyl oleate (9.38%); in Zephranthes carinata; Phthalic acid, 4-methoxybenzyl methyl ester (15.34%) Gatanthamine, 3-O-acetyl-1, 2, dihydro (8.87%) Stigmasterol (5.87%); in Hippeastrum vittatum; N-benzyl-2-[1-(4-methoxyl-phenyl 1) – 1 H-tetrazo (14.94%), Benzaminde, 2-amino-N-(4-ethoxyphenyl) (12.65%) and 1-(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl propane (10.49%); in Crinum jagus; 2H-1-Benzopyran-7-ol, 3,4-dihydro-3-(2-hyrdo) (19.87%), Benzamide, 2-amino-N- (4-ethoxyphenyl) (9.92%) and Stigmasterol (4.04%); in Proiphys amboniensis; Gamma-sitosterol (16.98%), Stigmasterol (11.49%) and N-Hexadecanoic acid(5.05%); in U. amazonica; 3-Furanacetic acid, 4-hexyl-2, 5-dihydro-2, 5 (12.73%), Benzamide, 2-amino-N- (4-ethoxyphenyl) (8.18%) and Phenyl, 2-(3,4-dihydro 2-methoxyl-2H-1-benzopy) (6.40%). The presence of various bioactive compounds may be responsible for the application of these species in the treatment and management of various ailments in folklore medicine. However, in vitro and in vivo studies, isolation of individual phytoconstituents and their mechanism of action may proceed to find a novel drug or lead compound for use as medicine.