Abstract
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a tropical evergreen crop with high economic value. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors that limit coconut productivity. Therefore, it is necessary and significant to research the growth trend and physiological changes of coconuts under a low temperature environment. In this study, the physiological response of 20 coconut germplasm resources is presented in an integrated perspective to provide a holistic view of the behavior of coconut trees facing cold stress under four temperature conditions (25 °C, 15 °C, 10 °C, 5 °C). It was shown that low temperature would lead to the increase of relative electrical conductivity, MDA content, soluble protein content, and proline content. In addition, the activities of defense enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, APX) were increased to resist the cold environment. In a comprehensive analysis, it was revealed that coconut germplasms with high cold resistance, such as C2, C7, and C10 as well as POD activity, proline content, and soluble protein content, were defined as representatives for coconut cold resistance evaluation. Through the exploration of osmotic adjustment substances and defense enzymes, the breeding and quality improvement of cold-resistant coconut varieties could be promoted. As a result, understanding the physiological response and tolerance mechanisms of coconuts to low temperature stress was essential, as this perception may serve as the foundation for coconut resistance evaluation, cultivation, and breeding.
Highlights
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), belonging to the Palmae family, is a tropical evergreen crop native to Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands Countries [1,2]
The values of all varieties at 25 ◦ C were significantly different from other three temperature treatments, most of the germplasms showed obvious differences under different temperature treatments, indicating that low temperature stress acted in relative electrolyte leakage changes of coconut leaves
The results suggested that the increase of coconut leaf enzyme activities was a defense response to low temperature stress, and the regulation level of APX activity might decrease with the drop of temperature
Summary
Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), belonging to the Palmae family, is a tropical evergreen crop native to Southeast Asia and Pacific Islands Countries [1,2]. It is widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Coconut palms are categorized as talls or dwarfs based on their size and stature. The male and female flowers grow at various periods depending on the kind of coconut tree. Because coconut trees are propagated by seed, they are prone to numerous variances which may be seen in the trees, fruits, and leaves
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