Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Composite Nanodevices: Effect of Charge and Size on In Vivo Disposition

Abstract

To characterize temporal exposure and elimination of 5 gold/dendrimer composite nanodevices (CNDs) (5nm positive, negative, and neutral, 11nm negative, 22nm positive) in mice using a physiologically based mathematical model. 400ug of CNDs is injected intravenously to mice bearing melanoma cell lines. Gold content is determined from plasma and tissue samples using neutron activation analysis. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model is developed for 5nm positive, negative, and neutral and 11nm negative nanoparticles and extrapolated to 22nm positive particles. A global sensitivity analysis is performed for estimated model parameters. Negative and neutral particles exhibited similar distribution profiles. Unique model parameter estimates and distribution profiles explain similarities and differences relative to positive particles. The model also explains mechanisms of elimination by kidney and reticuloendothelial uptake in liver and spleen, which varies with particle size and charge. Since the PBPK model can capture the diverse temporal profiles of non-targeted nanoparticles, we propose that when specific binding ligands are lacking, size and charge of nanodevices govern most of their in vivo interactions.