Abstract
Algebraic expressions are developed for predicting steady-state toxicokinetics of volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) by sim plifying the mathematical descriptions used in physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models. The equations use 5 or less input parameters (instead of the 17 used in conventional PBTK models) to predict steady-state tissue or blood concentrations of VOCs at low exposure concentrations. The adequacy of the steady-state equations was assessed by comparing blood and tissue concentrations obtained using these equations with those generated by validated rat and hum an PBTK models for toluene and m -xylene. The results show that for 1-ppm exposures of rats and humans to toluene or m -xylene, the difference in the steady-state blood and tissue concentrations calculated using the algebraic expressions and full-fledged PBTK m odels is less than 1%. The algebraic expressions developed in the present study represent a simpler and faster method of describing the steady-state toxicokinetics of...
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