Abstract
This research aims to determine growth and deficiency patterns as well as antioxidative potentials of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) hydroponically grown under limited macronutrients and micronutrients. The experiment was conducted for 60 days after transplanting in an evaporative greenhouse (avg temp = 28–30 °C, 60–65 %RH), using deep water culture technique. Plants were grown in nutrient solution consisting of complete Hoagland’s solution (CTRL), and nutrient solutions lacking one of the following macronutrients and micronutrients: nitrogen (-N), phosphorus (-P), potassium (-K), iron (-Fe), manganese (-Mn), and copper (-Cu). The deficiency symptoms, growth patterns, and stress response mechanism were followed. All treatments except for the CTRL induced deficiency symptoms and physiological changes. Macronutrient deprivation reduced growth determined by the morphological parameters while micronutrient omission had no effect except for no iron treatment. The result showed that potassium and iron deficiencies had foremost adversely effect on growth of Japanese mint. Under nutrient stress conditions, plant only gave antioxidative responses to phosphorus and potassium deficiencies. However, the negative plant-stress relationship was found for no iron treatment indicating the detoxification mode of plant for lacking of micronutrient.
Highlights
Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) is an essential oil-bearing herbaceous plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family
Effects of individual macronutrient deficiency on growth of Japanese mint Nitrogen deficiency The initial symptoms of nitrogen-deficient Japanese mint were observed at 15 days after transplanting
Effects of individual micronutrient deficiency on growth of Japanese mint Our finding in iron deprivation treatment is in agreement with Wasli et al (2018) who noticed a depressive effect on the shoot height, dry weight and relative growth rate of iron-deficient dill (Anethum graveolens L.) grown in hydroponic system as compared with those grown in the complete nutrient solution
Summary
Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis) is an essential oil-bearing herbaceous plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. Much concern has been expressed lately on soil deterioration and unfavorable weather conditions due to the climate changes These factors, as a consequence, largely affected production volume and quality of Japanese mint (Khaledian et al, 2017; Taneja & Chandra, 2012). To overcome such problems, urban farmers are beginning to explore alternative forms to grow plants. Hydroponics is a plant production technique in which root system contact directly to the solution which all nutrient elements are in a readily available form for plants to absorb and utilize (Schwarz, 1995). This system provides lists of advantages including increasing yield, minimizing production time, and more importantly is sustainable for urban environment (Jones, 2016)
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