Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of cowpea seeds and the economic viability of storage in different types of packaging and with different chemical treatments. Seeds were submitted to one of the following chemical treatments of active ingredients: fipronil; fipronil + pyraclostrobin + thiophanate methyl; and fludioxonil + metalaxyl. Seeds without chemical treatment constituted the control. Seeds were placed in permeable cotton bags, permeable raffia bags, semipermeable kraft paper bags, and impermeable PET bottles. The following were evaluated: seed moisture content; germination test; first germination count; germination speed index; hypocotyl length; root length and hypocotyl dry mass and root dry mass. Cost analysis of treatments was also performed. The physiological quality of cowpea seeds was more markedly reduced under storage conditions in permeable packages with fludioxonil + metalaxyl treatment. Impermeable packaging without chemical treatment decreased deterioration of physiological quality in cowpea seeds and is economically viable for a storage period of up to 90 days.
Highlights
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is an economically important legume in Brazil, being the second most consumed type of bean in the country
Hypocotyl length (HL) and root length (RL): Performed using ten repetitions of 20 seeds on Germitest® paper pre-moistened with distilled water and sealed in bags within B.O.D. at 25 oC for seven days
Hypocotyl dry mass (HDM) and root dry mass (RDM): Evaluated for normal seedlings obtained from the germination test
Summary
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is an economically important legume in Brazil, being the second most consumed type of bean in the country. Considering the importance that good seed quality has on the development of crops, the maintenance of physiological potential is necessary This can be achieved through alternatives such as seed treatment and storage in appropriate packaging (Marcos Filho, 2015), as well as the adoption of new cultivars that enable farmers to market a better-quality product (Alves et al, 2009). Products chosen for treatment should be those that efficiently eradicate pathogens or insects yet do not significantly debilitate seeds (Ludwig et al, 2011) These products must not be toxic to plants, humans or the environment, and be non-corrosive, easy to use, inexpensive, and provide full conditions for the maintenance of seed viability (Peske & Baudet, 2012). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological quality and economic viability of cowpea seeds stored under different packaging and chemical treatments
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