Abstract
Normal 0 false false false IN X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 The purpose s of this study were to determine symptoms and signs of black spot disease on mangium plants of 6 months old , frequency of the attacks and their effects on physiological processes of affected phyl l od e (amount of chlorophyll, transpiration, evaporation and water potential of phyl l od e ) . Fieldwork was conducted in the research plots measuring 25 m x 25 m) in mangium plant ation . Observed p lants were 6 months old amounted to 104 plants at a spacing of 3 m x 2 m, the seedlings were originated from Riau Islands. Plants were observed in the census in research plots .The results showed that the black spot disease was caused by a fungus Meliola brisbanensis with symptoms of black spots on phy l lod e, where the spots occur ed more on the upper surface than the lower surface . Other than p hyl l od e , young part of the stem was also attacked. Attacked p hy l lod e change d in color from green to yellow (chlorotic). Frequency of attacks on plot of 6 months old was 62.5%. The amount of chlorophyll in phyl l od e attacked by black spot fungus wa s 40.8 Spad. Transpiration velocity had the value of 1284.26 gr/dm 2 / second , evaporation rate of 0.00019 μgcm 2 /m i n ute . W ater potential of p hy l lod e at 08:00 to 10:00 a.m was 18 bar s , at 12:00 a.m to 14:00 p.m 21.2 bar s and at 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. wa s 9 bar s . Environmental factors that influence the physiological process of black spot fungus were soil pH, irradiation intensity, water content of soil and were influenced by factors inside of the black spot disease itself . /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Doi : 10.12777/ijse.5.1.15-18 [ How to cite this article : Syahfari, H., Bratawinata, A.A., Sutisna, M. and Mardji, D. (2013). Physiological Process of Acacia mangium Willd. Plant of Six Months Old Attacked by Black Spots Disease i n PT ITCI Hutani Manunggal Terunen . International Journal of Science and Engineering , 5(1),6-11. Doi: 10.12777/ijse.5.1.15-18 ] /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
Highlights
Acacia mangium Willd. belongs to species of legumes that grows fast, does not require a high growth requirements, the plant is able to grow on poor soils and infertile as grassland, logged-over forest, rocky land, eroded soil, soil with low pH and adaptable to local environment (Retnowati, 1988)
Black spot disease or black mildew disease was a disease with symptoms of black spots on phyllodes which more occured on the upper surface than the lower
The amount of chlorophyll in the phyllode atacked by black spot disease was 40.8 Spad
Summary
Acacia mangium Willd. (mangium) belongs to species of legumes that grows fast, does not require a high growth requirements, the plant is able to grow on poor soils and infertile as grassland, logged-over forest, rocky land, eroded soil, soil with low pH and adaptable to local environment (Retnowati, 1988). Survival rate of mangium usually decreases with increasing age of the plant, this is due to, among others: (i) decrease in plant resistance to extremes environmental as well as the application of silvicultural techniques and the habitat that are not appropriate, (ii) competition with other vegetation, (iii) the possibility of pathogen attack. On plant disease which the pathogen infects leaves, transpiration (evaporation) is usually increased. This is due to the destruction of at least part of the leaf cuticle protection, increased permeability of leaf cells and stomata dis-function. Many plant pathogens with one or more patterns disrupt the translocations of water and nutrient in plants. Some pathogens disrupt the integrity or function of the roots, causing reduction of water absorption
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