Physiological potential of peanut seeds submitted to drying and storage

Karina Laís Leite Sarath,André Luís Duarte Goneli,Guilherme Cardoso Oba,Cesar Pedro Hartmann Filho,Tathiana Elisa Masetto

doi:10.1590/2317-1545v38n3165008

Karina Laís Leite Sarath, André Luís Duarte Goneli + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v38n3165008

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Abstract

Abstract: This study was performed to evaluate the immediate and latent effects of drying air temperature on the physiological potential of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). The fruits were harvested at the physiological maturity stage, with 36 ± 2% water content (w.b.), and dried at temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70 ºC, until 7 ± 1% (w.b.). Thereafter, the fruits were stored in an environment with non-controlled temperature and relative humidity for 150 days, and the water content, germination and vigor of seeds were immediately determined, as well as at every 30 days thereafter, through the first count, and the tetrazolium test, accelerated aging test, cold test with soil and electrical conductivity. According to the results, it was found that the physiological potential of peanut seeds is inversely related to the drying temperature and the storage time, due to the fact that the germination and vigor are reduced as both factors increase. The air temperature of 40 °C may be recommended for the drying of peanut seeds, and even associated with the storage time of 150 days under uncontrolled conditions.

Highlights

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are among the main oilseeds planted in Brazil and worldwide currently, mainly since this culture counts on a broad adaptability and short cycle, and because it is an important vegetable protein and oil source (Nakagawa and Rosolem, 2011; Santos et al, 2012)
As reported by Fernandes and Rosolem (1999) and by Krzyzanowski et al (2006), the drying method directly influences the quality of the peanut seeds and the productivity of the culture, considering that the promotion of vigorous plants and, the adequate development of the crop depend directly on this operation
The closed bags were kept on an environment with non-controlled temperature and relative humidity for a period of 150 days, and the physiological quality of the seeds was immediately evaluated after drying at every 30 days subsequently

Summary

Introduction

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are among the main oilseeds planted in Brazil and worldwide currently, mainly since this culture counts on a broad adaptability and short cycle, and because it is an important vegetable protein and oil source (Nakagawa and Rosolem, 2011; Santos et al, 2012). It was due to its characterization as an alternate fuel source that its importance increased regarding agribusiness, increasing the speculations related to the intensification of its culture (Araujo et al, 2014; Vasconcelos et al, 2015) Within this context, the importance of some aspects within the peanut producing sector became more prominent, such as the ones related to the post-harvest stages and the respective quality control (Barbosa et al, 2014). As reported by Fernandes and Rosolem (1999) and by Krzyzanowski et al (2006), the drying method directly influences the quality of the peanut seeds and the productivity of the culture, considering that the promotion of vigorous plants and, the adequate development of the crop depend directly on this operation. When conducted without the due care, both operations may lead to a reduction on the quality of the seeds; drying may immediately harm the harvested material, and storage may aggravate the damages caused by drying, affecting specially the storage potential of the product (Afonso Júnior and Corrêa, 2000; Ullmann et al, 2010; Menezes et al, 2012a; Menezes et al, 2012b; Oliva et al, 2012; Mutegi et al, 2013; Faria et al, 2014)

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