Physiological features of the accumulation and distribution of whole protein in the organs of plants of soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype

Abstract

Soybean is a valuable protein crop. Promotion of its production in the northwestern direction became possible by the creation of varieties of the Northern ecotype. The physiological mechanisms of the adaptive potential of these varieties and, in particular, the features of protein accumulation in grain under contrasting weather conditions are insufficiently studied. Physiological factors that determine the level of whole protein accumulation in vegetative organs and in plant grain were studied on 7 varieties and 2 lines of breeding of the FRC of LGC. Effective assimilation activity of leaves; adaptive changes in the pigment complex, consisting in an increase in the number of carotenoids in adverse conditions; active nitrogen fixation of nodule bacteria lead to increased accumulation of nitrogen in the plant, followed by its remobilization into generative organs. The intensity of nitrogen accumulation and reutilization processes in soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype is especially high in unfavorable conditions of high humidity and lack of heat. In adverse weather conditions, correlations were established between the protein content in leaves and grains and elements of the pigment and symbiotic systems.