Physiological effects of high flow oxygen therapy use in adult patients.

Abstract

Background: Oxygen therapy is the first line treatment in patients with acute respiratory failure. It can be administered from high and low flow devices. High-flow oxygen therapy through nasal prongs (HFONC2) has gained attention in recent years as an alternative means of respiratory support for critically ill patients. Currently, several clinical trials have evaluated its effectiveness in different clinical situations and its different mechanisms of action that support its clinical benefits. Material and methods: Systematic review based on a bibliographic search in the following databases: Google Scholar, TripDatabase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Using the following MeSH terms: Oxygen Inhalation Therapy, Cannula, Positive Pressure Respiration). It was limited by seniority of 10 years”, “age 19 years or more”. It included healthy volunteers and ARI patients. A total of 10 articles were selected to be reviewed. Results: CNAFO2 improves gas exchange, decreases RR, produces CO2 washout, significantly reduces respiratory effort indices in adult patients, this effect is associated with better tolerance and comfort compared to COT. In turn, the PEEP effect increases the overall EELI, meaning an increase in EELV. Conclusion: The use of CNAFO2 achieves potentially beneficial physiological and clinical effects in patients with IRAH that justify its use as first-line therapy when compared to conventional oxygen therapy.