Physiological changes, pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant capacity before, during, and after castration in male dogs

Abstract

The effect of duration on physiological change, pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant capacity before, during, and after castration of dogs was examined. A completely randomized design was used. Seven male dogs were castrated. Pain scores, physiological changes, and biochemical markers were investigated before, during, and for 14 days after castration of male dogs. Data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance. Results revealed that pain score, after 1 to 2 hours of recovery, was higher than that on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Percentage of neutrophils, after dog's recovery and on day 3, was higher than that on day 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Percentage of lymphocytes after dog's recovery was lower than that on day 3, before castration, and on days 7, 10, and 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio after dog's recovery was higher than that on day 3, before castration, and on days 7, 10, and 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Heart rate and respiratory rate after dog's recovery were higher than that before castration on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity, before castration, after dogs recovery, and on day 3 was lower than that on day 14 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). This study indicated that the male dogs were under highest pain after recovery. At that time, they were under stress, but not under oxidative stress because their antioxidant system remained highly effective.