Abstract

Bitter pit is a physiological disorder that occurs in pome fruit, mainly apples (Malus domestica) and pears (Pyrus communis). Although bitter pit was believed to be caused by pathogens, it is now commonly agreed that any factor that leads to low calcium (Ca) concentration or high ratios of certain mineral elements in the fruit tissue, particularly, nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and/or magnesium (Mg) to Ca can induce bitter pit disorder.

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