Abstract
ABSTRACT Lantana camara (L.) is considered one of the main weeds of agricultural crops, and allelochemicals produced by this species may be a source for the development of natural herbicides. In this study, phytotoxic effects of L. camara aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of Avena sativa (L.) were assessed. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, with treatments resulting from two assays, testing five concentrations of the extract (0 %, 2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 % and 10 %; vv-1). During the seed germination, physiological (e.g., seed imbibition, germination and vigor) and biochemical (e.g., catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, proline, phenols, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide) proprieties were evaluated. The leaf extracts of L. camara affected the response variables on A. sativa by reducing the germination speed index (phases I and II) and seed viability (phase III of germination), thus causing a solute leakage and increasing the production of reactive oxygen forms and, finally, lipid peroxidation. Extract concentrations above 2.5 % inhibit the growth of epicotyls. Therefore, the studied allelochemicals showed potential to be exploited in the development of natural herbicides.
Highlights
Allelochemicals are mainly secondary metabolites produced by plants or with microbial origin, which influence the growth or development of biological systems (IAS 1996).Lantana camara (L.), as a perennial aromatic shrub of the Verbenaceae family, is considered worldwide as a major invasive plant (Chengxu et al 2011).Among the metabolites found in L. camara, 1,8-cineol, β-pinene, dipentene, lantadene A and lantadene D have been cited as important intermediate sources for herbicide development (Kegge & Pierik 2010, Mishra 2015, Latif et al 2017, Gindri et al 2020).D
Commercial seeds of A. sativa were obtained from the seed laboratory of the Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina and stored in a dry and cold chamber (50 ± 5 % relative humidity and 8 ± 2 oC), until analysis, and L. camara leaves were collected from wild plants in the city of Lages, Santa Catarina state, Brazil
The results indicate that the osmotic potential of aqueous solutions of L. camara leaves did not interfere in the water absorption of the seeds
Summary
Allelochemicals are mainly secondary metabolites produced by plants or with microbial origin, which influence the growth or development of biological systems (IAS 1996).Lantana camara (L.), as a perennial aromatic shrub of the Verbenaceae family, is considered worldwide as a major invasive plant (Chengxu et al 2011).Among the metabolites found in L. camara, 1,8-cineol, β-pinene, dipentene, lantadene A and lantadene D have been cited as important intermediate sources for herbicide development (Kegge & Pierik 2010, Mishra 2015, Latif et al 2017, Gindri et al 2020).D. Allelochemicals are mainly secondary metabolites produced by plants or with microbial origin, which influence the growth or development of biological systems (IAS 1996). Lantana camara (L.), as a perennial aromatic shrub of the Verbenaceae family, is considered worldwide as a major invasive plant (Chengxu et al 2011). Among the metabolites found in L. camara, 1,8-cineol, β-pinene, dipentene, lantadene A and lantadene D have been cited as important intermediate sources for herbicide development (Kegge & Pierik 2010, Mishra 2015, Latif et al 2017, Gindri et al 2020). Gindri et al (2020) M. Gindri et al (2020)
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