Abstract
The review considers and sums up the results of studies of physiological and biochemical characteristics of the dormant and germinating recalcitrant seed (the object of the study, the seed of horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum L., is viewed as an exemplary case). The results of analysis of the proteomes of the axes and cotyledons have been studied and the effects of the stratification have been assessed. Gene expression has been studied at the level of protein synthesis: the protein-synthesizing capacity of the cells of the embryonic axis and cotyledon storage parenchyma of mature seed and seed undergoing stratification. The extent to which the functionally active translation machinery of ripe seed depends on transcription has been assessed, and the ability to synthesize protein under the conditions of stratification has been established. It is concluded that the embryonic axis of dormant seed lacks innate dormancy and that the isolated axis exhibits diverse sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid and other physiologically active compounds.
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