Abstract
Healthcare optimization has become increasingly important in the current era, where numerous challenges are posed by population ageing phenomena and the demand for higher quality of the healthcare services. The implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) in the healthcare ecosystem has been one of the best solutions to address these challenges and therefore to prevent and diagnose possible health impairments in people. The remote monitoring of environmental parameters and how they can cause or mediate any disease, and the monitoring of human daily activities and physiological parameters are among the vast applications of IoT in healthcare, which has brought extensive attention of academia and industry. Assisted and smart tailored environments are possible with the implementation of such technologies that bring personal healthcare to any individual, while living in their preferred environments. In this paper we address several requirements for the development of such environments, namely the deployment of physiological signs monitoring systems, daily activity recognition techniques, as well as indoor air quality monitoring solutions. The machine learning methods that are most used in the literature for activity recognition and body motion analysis are also referred. Furthermore, the importance of physical and cognitive training of the elderly population through the implementation of exergames and immersive environments is also addressed.
Highlights
Healthcare systems combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology help improve quality of life, health and life expectancy
Following the IoT concept, all collected data is securely sent to the cloud and can be processed by data analysis algorithms to ascertain the existence of actuation patterns and make the system react to unexpected changes
Ambient assisted living (AAL) systems are based on the architecture of an IoT-based healthcare system and have a special focus on providing personalized and assistive services for their inhabitants
Summary
Healthcare systems combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) technology help improve quality of life, health and life expectancy. Following the IoT concept, all collected data is securely sent to the cloud and can be processed by data analysis algorithms to ascertain the existence of actuation patterns and make the system react to unexpected changes. These smart sensors can be expressed by smart wearable objects that provide health status information in unobtrusive ways, by sensing units embedded on daily used objects (e.g., smart wheelchair) and by other sensing systems that monitor indoor environmental conditions, including noise levels, air quality and lighting quality. Such monitoring becomes an essential element for the older population that, with the increasing average of life expectancy, may develop mental and physical illnesses
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