Physiochemical characterization of Glycyrrhiza mediated bioengineered palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs), their anti-proliferative and other biomedical applications

Abstract

The study used licorice root leaf extract to synthesize palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) that demonstrate long-term stability, lower toxicity, and enhanced penetration into specific target cells. The optimal conditions (temperature, pH, and time) were maintained to synthesize regular, spherical, and homogenous nanoparticles. The PdNPs were characterized by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, UV–Visible spectroscopy, High-resolution Transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Particle-Size Distribution, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Zeta potential analysis. The biosynthetic PdNPs used ABTS and DPPH assay to demonstrate strong antioxidant potential with maximal inhibition. PdNPs hindered the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with zone of inhibition that was 20–25 ± 0.22 mm. PdNPs showed anti-Alzheimer activity by suppression of acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase enzymes. Furthermore, the minimum anti-proliferative concentration of PdNPs was detected against MCF-7 and HCT-116 which was 44.4 at 6.58 µg/mL, respectively. Thus, PdNPs have proved to be an effective therapeutic agent for drug delivery and other biomedical applications in the pharmaceutical industry.