Abstract
ABSTRACT Multifunctional microorganisms can contribute significantly to improve plant performance and are innovative technology for sustainable development. Thus, objective of this study was to determine the effect of bioagents applied alone or in mix on the performance of upland rice. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The 26 treatments consisted of the rhizobacteria Bacillus sp. (BRM 32109, BRM 32110 and 1301), Azospirillum sp. (1381), Azospirillum brasilense (Ab-V5), Pseudomonas sp. (BRM 32112), Pseudomonas fluorescens (BRM 32111), Burkholderia pyrrocinia (BRM 32113), Serratia sp. (BRM 32114), and a fungal genus formed by a pool of Trichoderma asperellum (T-06, T-09, T-12, and T-52), applied alone or in mix, plus a control treatment without microorganism application. The most effective treatments were the mixes of microorganisms 1301 + Ab-V5 and BRM 32114 + pool of Trichoderma asperellum, as they provided an average increase of 123 and 88% in the number of panicles and 206 and 167% in the grain yield of upland rice plants, respectively. Mixes of 1301 + Ab-V5, BRM 32114 + Trichoderma asperellum pool, BRM 32110 + BRM 32114, BRM 32110 + Ab-V5, 1301 + BRM 32110 and 1381 + Trichoderma asperellum pool also provided better morphophysiological performance in rice plants (photosynthetic rate, carboxylation efficiency, number of tillers, shoot dry biomass and nutrient content in shoot and root). Therefore, the use of multifunctional microorganisms in the management of upland rice was efficient in its ability to provide better development of plants.
Highlights
Upland rice, grown mostly in the Midwest and North regions of Brazil, is dependent on rainwater and contributes to 1.3 million tons (11% of Brazilian production) compared to the production by flooding (11 million tons, 89% of Brazilian production) (EMBRAPA, 2019)
Results from a greenhouse experiment showed that among the multifunctional microorganisms studied, the isolated Serratia sp. was the most effective in promoting an increase in the photosynthetic rate, greater accumulation of nutrients and shoot biomass in upland rice plants in the genotype derived from BRS Primavera CL (NASCENTE et al, 2017a)
Other genera of multifunctional microorganisms, such as Burkoholderia and Pseudomonas, have been studied in agricultural crops and their beneficial effects on plant development have been reported (OLIVEIRA et al, 2019; MATOSO et al, 2020). From these results of previous research, questions arose such as: (a) "could the use of multifunctional microorganisms mixed provide even better results than their application alone?" (b) "could other microorganisms provide even better results than those presented by the microorganisms already tested?" the objective of this study was to determine the effect of multifunctional microorganisms, isolated or in mix, on the performance of upland rice plants
Summary
Grown mostly in the Midwest and North regions of Brazil, is dependent on rainwater and contributes to 1.3 million tons (11% of Brazilian production) compared to the production by flooding (11 million tons, 89% of Brazilian production) (EMBRAPA, 2019). Was the most effective in promoting an increase in the photosynthetic rate, greater accumulation of nutrients and shoot biomass in upland rice plants in the genotype derived from BRS Primavera CL (NASCENTE et al, 2017a). In another experiment, conducted by Sperandio et al (2017), evaluating the growth of upland rice plants measured by leaf area, length and shoot and root biomass, they concluded that there were better results in plants inoculated with Serratia sp. Other genera of multifunctional microorganisms, such as Burkoholderia and Pseudomonas, have been studied in agricultural crops and their beneficial effects on plant development have been reported (OLIVEIRA et al, 2019; MATOSO et al, 2020)
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