Abstract
▪ Abstract Moving highly-charged ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that act as a beam of photons. In collisions at large impact parameters, hadronic interactions are not possible, and the ions interact through photon-ion and photon-photon collisions known as ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs). Hadron colliders like the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), the Tevatron, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) produce photonuclear and two-photon interactions at luminosities and energies beyond that accessible elsewhere; the LHC will reach a γp energy ten times that of the Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA). Reactions as diverse as the production of anti-hydrogen, photoproduction of the ρ0, transmutation of lead into bismuth, and excitation of collective nuclear resonances have already been studied. At the LHC, UPCs can study many types of new physics processes.
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