Abstract
The transfer of electric charges and mass in the crystal lattice of an oxide is analyzed. The massand electrotransport in oxides are shown to be caused by ionic displacements; to be interrelated; and to occur via scattering of charged ionic vacancies, which form at the surface of contact of oxide with a reducing or oxidizing medium. A general physical model is developed to describe metal reduction and oxidation. This model is based on the universal principle of equality of the number of elementary charge carriers, namely, electrons and protons, in any phase and the contingency of mass- and electrotransport in an ionic crystal lattice.
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