Physics Forceps in Tooth Extraction—A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Krishnamachari Janani,Kumar Chandan Srivastava,Hala A Hosni,Mohammad Khursheed Alam,Kavalipurapu Venkata Teja,Deepti Shrivastava,Sulphi Abdul Basheer,Ahmed Ismail Nagy,Jerry Jose

doi:10.3390/app12010254

Abstract

The present systematic review aims to evaluate the efficiency of Physics forceps over the conventional forceps for the extraction of a tooth. The study began with targeted electronic searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases. All selected articles were reviewed by four independent reviewers for eligibility. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to analyze the studies for bias. Due to heterogeneity of the selected studies, a meta-analysis of the current systematic review was not possible. A total of five studies were considered for the final analysis. The risk of bias showed high risk for all five included articles. Various parameters, such as fracture of the root, dry socket, healing, pain, postoperative infection, crown fractures, buccal bone fractures, extraction time, gingival and marginal bone loss, gingival laceration, bleeding and healing were assessed. Based on the data available, there is an insufficient quality of evidence to conclude the superiority of the Physics forceps over conventional forceps.

Highlights

Exodontia is a common procedure carried out by dentists in their routine clinical practice
The age of the patient was mentioned in four studies, whereas only one study did not m3e.1n.tSiotnudtyhCe haagreac[t9e]r.isTtihcse study design differed among the included studies, where two studieCs hpaerrafcotremriesdticas sopfltithemionuctlhudtreidals. tTuhdeyswamerpelme seinzteiornanedgeidn fTraobmles282–a2n00d. 3TeOeutht oinfdthi-e ciantecldudfoerdoarrtthicoldeso,nftoiucresxtturadcietisown ewreerceonindculuctdeeddininIntdwioa.sHtuadrihesar[a7n,1e0t],awl. [h7e]reexaescouthederssatmudpl-e iessizeemcapllcouylaetdioanscaarnidoums,ensotiuonndedatnhde mmeotbhioledttohoetyhefmorpleoxytreadc,twiohne.rHeaoswtheeveort,hoernreessetuadrcyh [d9i]d dnidotnsoptecmifyentthieonsatmhee. tTyhpeereowf teereetnhosfuubnjedcitnegdsofourrceexstrfoacrtaionny.oTfhthereestwudasieso.nTehsetuagdeyo[f1t1h]e wphaitciehnitnwclausdmedenatlilotnheedteinetfhouforrsetuxdtriaecst,iwonh.eWreiatshornelgyaordnetosttuodoythdtiydpneo, tammeanxtiilolnartyhepraegme o[9-]. lar was subjected to extraction in one study [7]
Maxillary and mandibular premolar teeth were subjected for extraction in another study [10]

Summary

Introduction

Exodontia is a common procedure carried out by dentists in their routine clinical practice. Conventional forceps are employed to carry out tooth extractions. They work on the class two lever principle, which is connected to a hinge [1]. In other words, they tend to provide a pulling force to squeeze out the tooth from the socket. Atraumatic tooth extractions have always been a matter of interest to dentists, as they minimize marginal bone loss, cause minimal soft tissue and alveolar bone damage and, prevent post-operative complications [2,3]. Various efforts have been made to minimize traumatic extraction, thereby preventing post-operative complications

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion