Abstract
In 2014, the Varnes classification system for landslides was updated. Complex landslides can still be a problem to classify as the classification does not include the flow type in the hydrodynamical sense. Three examples of Icelandic landslides are presented and later used as case studies in order to demonstrate the methods suggested to analyze the flow. The methods are based on the different physical properties of the flow types of the slides. Three different flow types are presented, named type (i), (ii), and (iii). Types (i) and (ii) do not include turbulent flows and their flow paths are sometimes independent of the velocity. Type (iii) include high velocity flows; they are treated with the translator wave theory, where a new type of a slope factor is used. It allows the slide to stop when the slope has flattened out to the value that corresponds to the stable slope property of the flowing material. The type studies are for a fast slide of this type, also a large slip circle slide that turns into a fast-flowing slide farther down the path and finally a large slide running so fast that it can run for a kilometer on flat land where it stops with a steep front.
Highlights
The subject of this paper is hazardous landslides, their physics, and the possibility of modeling them as a part of a disaster prevention procedure
The crack will enlarge by time, in most cases at an irregular pace. All this makes the prediction of the onset of motion in a landslide an almost impossible task, even when all physical material properties are well known
There are numerous ways and means shown in many textbooks on soil mechanics, to do the mathematics involved in finding the moments in Equation (9)
Summary
The subject of this paper is hazardous landslides, their physics, and the possibility of modeling them as a part of a disaster prevention procedure. It is concluded that common types of landslides can be included in an analytical model that both quickly can assist in the assessment work and tell researchers what kind of field data is needed The Varnes classification is based on five types of movement: fall, topple, slide, spread, and flow and three types of material involved in the movement, rock, debris, and earth [15]. The crack will enlarge by time, in most cases at an irregular pace All this makes the prediction of the onset of motion in a landslide an almost impossible task, even when all physical material properties are well known. The importance of such predictions in disaster prevention is undisputed
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