Physico-mechanical properties and automotive fuel resistance of EPDM/ENR blends containing hybrid fillers

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the effect of blend ratios on cure characteristics, mechanical and dynamic properties, morphology and automotive fuel resistance of ethylene-propylene diene rubber (EPDM) and epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) blends containing carbon black and calcium carbonate hybrid filler. The composition of EPDM/ENR blends varied were 100/0, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70 and 0/100 %wt/wt. All ingredients used for preparing each blended compound, except for the curatives, were mixed in a kneader. Thereafter, the compound was further mixed with curatives on a two-roll mill and then were vulcanized together with shaped by compression molding before determining cure characteristics, mechanical properties, morphology and weight swelling ratio in three automotive fuels; gasohol-91, diesel and engine oils. The results indicated that Mooney viscosity and cure time of EPDM/ENR blends tended to decrease with increasing ENR content, while cure rate index and crosslink density increased. Tensile strength of all EPDM/ENR blends is lower than that of the individual EPDM and ENR. This is attributed to the incompatibility between nonpolar and polar nature of EPDM and ENR, respectively, supporting by the glass transition temperature form dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Owing to the differences in polarity of automotive fuels and rubbers, weight swelling of EPDM/ENR vulcanizates decreased in diesel and engine oils, but increased in gasohol-91 with increasing in ENR content.