Abstract
In this study, the polysaccharides were firstly extracted from the tamarind seeds in which the crude polysaccharides have been extracted once by hot water extraction. The structure was characterized by FTIR, SEM, and X-ray diffraction after removing protein and small molecule impurities. Furthermore, the rheological and bioactivity of tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP) were also investigated. The results indicated that the yield of the obtained polysaccharide was 3.42%. TSP was mainly composed of glucose (45.09%), galactose (22.80%), and xylose (28.89%), while it contained characteristic structure of polysaccharides, such as –OH, pyranose, and uronic acid at 3,418, 1,150, and 1,040 cm−1 respectively, which demonstrated that it was a uronic acid heteropolysaccharide. Moreover, the XRD pattern revealed the amorphous behavior of TSP, and it was found to consist of films or “sheets” reflected by SEM. The flow behavior testing confirmed its pseudoplastic character, and the flow behavior index (n) was between 0.4539 and 0.9201. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of TSP was 40.34% at 10 mg/mL. Furthermore, TSP displayed moderate hydroxyl radical scavenging and anti-bacterial activities, owing to its special structure and composition. Overall, our results suggested that TSP could be used as a food ingredient with anti-oxidative and antibacterial activities, which provides useful information on the potential utilization of TSP in the food industry.
Highlights
Likun Ren,1 Yang Yang,1 Xin Bian,1 Xiaomei Li,1 Bing Wang,1 Dangfeng Wang,2,3 Dan Su,1 Linlin Liu,1 Dehui Yu,1 Xiaoxue Guo,1 Xiumin Zhang,1,4 and Na Zhang 1
The polysaccharides were firstly extracted from the tamarind seeds in which the crude polysaccharides have been extracted once by hot water extraction. e structure was characterized by FTIR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction after removing protein and small molecule impurities
The XRD pattern revealed the amorphous behavior of tamarind seed polysaccharides (TSP), and it was found to consist of films or “sheets” reflected by SEM. e flow behavior testing confirmed its pseudoplastic character, and the flow behavior index (n) was between 0.4539 and 0.9201. e DPPH radical scavenging activity of TSP was 40.34% at 10 mg/mL
Summary
Likun Ren ,1 Yang Yang ,1 Xin Bian ,1 Xiaomei Li ,1 Bing Wang ,1 Dangfeng Wang ,2,3 Dan Su ,1 Linlin Liu ,1 Dehui Yu ,1 Xiaoxue Guo ,1 Xiumin Zhang ,1,4 and Na Zhang 1. TSP displayed moderate hydroxyl radical scavenging and anti-bacterial activities, owing to its special structure and composition. Some researchers have processed tamarind seed to extract polysaccharides and characterized their functional and structural properties [9,10,11]. Shao et al [11] pointed out that TSP obtained by water extraction and alcohol precipitation is a mixed polysaccharide composed of glucose, xylose, and galactose, which contains uronic acid. Some researchers have confirmed that natural seed polysaccharides can be used as a potential anti-microbial agent to be applied in the food industry [14,15,16]. The antibacterial activity of TSP has not been reported
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