Physicochemical Properties of Sugarcane Cultivars Affected Life History and Population Growth Parameters of Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Abstract

Simple SummaryThe sugarcane stem borer, Sesamia nonagrioides (Lefebvre), is the most important pest of sugarcane in Iran and some other regions of the world. Variation in the resistance of six commercial sugarcane cultivars to S. nonagrioides was investigated using the oviposition preference, life history, and population growth parameters. Moreover, the physical and biochemical properties of the tested sugarcane cultivars were estimated to understand any possible correlation between the insect’s parameters and the physiochemical features of the cultivars tested. The physicochemical properties of sugarcane cultivars significantly affected S. nonagrioides oviposition behavior, life history, and population parameters. Based on the obtained results, the resistant cultivar, SP70-1143, could be recommended for cultivation in sugarcane fields where the risk of S. nonagrioides damage is usually high.The use of resistant cultivars is an efficient management strategy against S. nonagrioides. The effects of different sugarcane cultivars, CP48-103, CP57-614, CP69-1062, CP73-21, SP70-1143, and IRC99-02 were evaluated on the oviposition preference (free-choice assay), life history, and life table parameters of S. nonagrioides at 27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L: D) h. The longest and shortest developmental times were on cultivars SP70-1143 and CP48-103, respectively. The oviposition preference of S. nonagrioides was the highest on cultivars CP48-103 and CP69-1062, and negatively correlated with the shoot trichome density and shoot rind hardness of the cultivars. The highest intrinsic rate of increase of S. nonagrioides was on cultivar CP48-103 and the lowest was on cultivar SP70-1143. The shortest mean generation time was on CP48-103 and the longest was on SP70-1143. The results indicate that cultivars CP48-103 and CP69-1062 were susceptible, and cultivar SP70-1143 was partially resistant against S. nonagrioides. This information could be useful for developing integrated management programs of S. nonagrioides, such as the use of resistant cultivars to reduce the damage caused by this pest in sugarcane fields.