Physicochemical principles of technology for modification of polymeric composite materials. A review

Abstract

It was found that the structure and strength of shaped PCA and PP fibres change in impregnation with the components of a polymer binder as a result of penetration of low-molecular-weight compounds in the textile structure of the fibre, between the individual filaments, in pores, unordered regions of the structure, and defects on their surface. High temperature and pressure decrease the strength and elongation of the fibres and alter their deformation characteristics under the effect of the parameters of formation of PCM. The degree of these changes is a function of the nature and structure of the shaped fibres, the degree of crystallinity of the fibres determined by the size and character of the supermolecular formations, the uniformity of their distribution in the fibre, and the degree of orientation. It was shown that the concentration of shaped fibres in the composite which play the role of inhibitor of hardening affect polycondensation of the epoxy binder. The optimum conditions for spinning of PCM reinforced with shaped PCA and PP fibres using the three-factor experiment method. The properties of PCM based on shaped PCA and PP fibres were comparatively evaluated and areas of the efficient use of these materials in the national economy were recommended.