Physico-chemical, nutritional and Anti-oxidative properties of different colored grain genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Abstract

The commonly consumed white rice is a highly refined staple cereal, which is lack of almost all minerals and nutrients. The pigmented rice, enriched with anthocyanin is known for it’s taste and health benefits. Colored rice (Oryza sativa L) genotypes are evaluated under this study. Twenty six genotypes were studied for 8 yield components and 12 physico-chemical, nutritional and Anti-oxidative properties. Among the non-pigmented varieties, BPT 5204, BPT 2270, BPT 2595, BPT 2782 and BPT 2776 recorded the desirable quality traits with excellent cooking quality. The pigmented rice genotypes recorded high amount of total phenols, antioxidant activity and flavonoid contents than non-pigmented varieties. When compared with light brown pericarp colored rice genotypes, red and black rice genotypes possess more protein content, high Zn and Fe content also. Variability studies showing that, high GCV and PCV coupled with high heritability and high genetic advance as percent of mean were recorded for test weight and total number of grains per panicle among yield components, while among quality traits solid loss, alkali spreading value, total phenol content, total antioxidant activity, flavonoid content, zinc and iron content. It indicates that these characters are controlled by additive type of gene action, which can be improved by direct selection. The results of correlation studies revealed that total phenol content, flavonoid content, total antioxidant activity are positively associated with each other and also with protein content, Zn and Fe content, hence simultaneous improvement of all these traits is anticipated. The colored rice varieties reported in the present study recorded medium duration, high yield potential coupled with medium slender grain type and good cooking quality and may be exploited commercially. Black and red rice genotypes viz., BPT 2848, BPT 3140, BPT 3141, BPT 2858, BPT 3111 which recorded desirable physical quality traits, high antioxidant activity, high protein, Fe & Zn content can be included in daily diet for their potential bioactive compounds and neutraceutical benefits to human health.